Genesis 49:10 stands as one of the most widely accepted Messianic prophesies in Judaism. Whereas certain passages are considered by traditional Jewish scholarship as non-messianic. Ya’akov’s (Jacob’s) prediction of Messiah’s kingship is not. The prayer book (siddur) shows this: “The sceptre shall not depart from Y’hudah, nor a shofar from among his descendants until Shiloh arrives and his will be an assemblage of the nations.” Rashi notes that the phrase “until Shiloh arrives” is in reference to the coming of Messiah to whom the kingdom of ADONAI belongs. In this commentary on Torah, Rashi states that all will bring gifts to the Messiah, who is to be revered.
In The Messiah in the Old Testament, Walter C. Kaiser writes, “Two things are foretold in this verse: the tribe of Judah will not cease to exist as a people, and Judah will have a government of its own until the Messiah appears.” The word until takes on an inclusive nature to suggest Y’hudah’s rule will be worldwide and “will reach up to the coming of Shiloh and beyond.” He continues:
Thus, Judah will continue to govern until Messiah comes. Shiloh is best understood, therefore as a cryptic but shorthand form of a personal name for the Messiah. While some may object it can be shown that there is an old Jewish tradition going back to the targum of Onkelos that reads, “until Messiah come,” whereas the Jerusalem Targum reads, “until the time King Messiah shall come.” Thus, we are more than justified in concluding that this verse is a messianic text that adds to Messiah’s credentials the fact that he will govern, not only the nation of Israel, but all the nations of the world.
For more on “Messianic Prophesy,” see reading at Numbers 24:17 (CJB)